is a scientific and ethical position that accepts the human use of animals but insists that this use must be humane. It is rooted in the concept of stewardship . The core question of animal welfare is: “Is this animal suffering?”
The relationship between humans and animals has evolved from one of survival and utility to a complex ethical landscape. Today, the conversation surrounding our treatment of non-human creatures is dominated by two distinct but overlapping frameworks: animal welfare and animal rights. While both aim to reduce suffering, they operate on different philosophical foundations and suggest different paths for the future of society. The Evolution of Animal Welfare and Rights: A